have shown that CPinduced fetal malformations can be attenuated by antioxidan STI571 including glutathio cystei and indole carbinol . Data regarding effects of GTE exposure before CP exposure during gestation have not been reported to date in mice. Thus the current study was conducted to determine if GTE would protect against the adverse effects of agents such as CP and if GTE might itself have any untoward effects during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and Husbandry and fe CD mi obtained from Charles River Breeding Laboratorie were housed in a USDAapproved animal facility in rooms maintained at C at humidity with 2 hr/ 2 hr light/dark cycles. Following a week acclimation peri animals were bred natural two females with one male. Observation of a copulatory plug designated gestation day .
Mated females were individually housed in shoebox type cages with recycled Quercetin inhibitor bedding and had ad libitum access to Harlan Teklad Rodent Diet and tap water. At least 0 mated females were assigned to each gro resulting in a minimum of 6 pregnancies . Experiments were all approved by the Emporia State University Animal Care and Usemittee and not initiated until approval was granted . Test Chemicals CP monohydrate was purchased from SigmaAldrich . GTE was purchased from Health Genesis . CP was dissolved in saline to yield the appropriate concentrations for dosing. GTE was suspended in DI water to yield appropriate concentrations. All solutions were prepared daily at the time of dosing.
Treatments The CP dose administered was based on the dings of a rangeding stud in which a dose of 0 mg/kg was found to induce a wide range of malformations without causing embryo lethality or obvious maternal toxicity. Timing of CP administration was based Tanshinone IIA 568729 on the results of that study and on the review by Mirke which noted that CP administration in mice between GD 0 and 2 can cause dysmorphic effects. Previously reported pharmacokinetic studies of catechins in rodents used widely differing dosages , with EGCG showing the highest concentration of all the catechins in fetal tissues . A moderate dose of mg/kg GTE was chosen as a starting dose and then was halved and doubled to evaluate a dose dependency between CP teratogenicity and GTE supplementation. GTE powder was analyzed by HPLC at Emporia State University and was found t.ntain 4 mg EGCG per milligram.
A Birth Defects Research , GREEN TEA REDUCES CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE DEFECTS Table Maternal and Litter Parameters of Mice Treated During Gestation buy Dapagliflozin With Cyclophosphamide With or Without Exposure to Green Tea Extract Parameter Treatment and Fetuses/ Maternal weight dose litters examined gain Fetal weight Implantations Resorbed or dead Litters with resorbed fetuses or dead fetuses Vehicle control zygote . a Signi antly different from vehicle control . b Signi antly different from GTE and GTE . c Signi antly different from GTE CP 0 . d Signi antly different from GTE CP 0 . e Signi antly different from GTE CP 0 . f Signi antly different from Signi antly different from GTE dose therefore provided . Mated females were randomly assigned to one of eight.