0001). None of the variations of the other KU-57788 clinical trial parameters, including nCBV mean, median, SD or any of the hyper-perfused sub-volumes, showed significant relationships with VT1 and VFLAIR changes. A tendency of correlation was found between the percentage change of V=0 and PFS (p = 0.09), while no correlation emerged between the observed perfusion changes and OS. In the subgroup of patients stable or with a progression of disease (11 in total), the mean changes of V≤ 1.0, V≤ 0.5, V= 0 were 61.5%, 68% and 4.3%, respectively; while in the subgroup of patients with partial response (5 in total), the changes were 10.4%, -9.4% and -59.1%, respectively. Analogously, for patients stable or in progression, the

variations of V≥ 1.5, V≥ 2.0, V≥ 2.5, V≥ 3.0, V≥ 3.5 were −44.1%, -61.8%, -51.2%, -51,7%, -60.2%, respectively, while for partially responding patients, they were −53.1%, -65.2%, -70.%, -75.5%, -81.4%, respectively. Representative cases Case 1 In Figure 3 the case of a 43-year-old man affected by GBM in the corpus callosum is illustrated (Patient 12), who received bevacizumab as p38 MAPK activation single therapy. Comparing the CBV maps, acquired before and during treatment, a decreased blood volume is noticeable in the region of interest; this behavior is more exhaustively illustrated

by a comparison between the nCBV histograms within the entire volume investigated by the PCT. The two distributions of the nCBV values see more indicate a reduction in both hyper-/hypo-perfused sub-volumes,

in accordance with a decreased hyperintensity, shown by the post-constrast T1-weighted and FLAIR (data not shown) images, acquired 7 weeks after the onset of treatment. The patient was classified as partially responding, in accordance with RANO criteria. Approximately 1 month after the MRI scan, the patient showed a rapid deterioration of the clinical condition due to meningitis and died approximately 1 month later. Liothyronine Sodium Figure 3 Representative case 1. A 43-year-old man (Patient 12) affected by a glioblastoma multiforme in the corpus callosum. Cerebral Blood Volume (CBV) map illustrating a section of the lesion before treatment (a); co-registered transverse post-Gd T1-weighted image showing an area of increased contrast enhancement, before treatment (b); CBV map acquired during treatment indicates a decreased blood volume in the region of interest (c); transverse post-Gd T1-weighted image, acquired 7 weeks after the onset of treatment, shows a decrease in contrast enhancement (d). Differential histogram of normalized CBV (nCBV) values inside the volume of interest, before treatment (e) and after a single dose of bevacizumab (f), showing a decrease in both hyper/hypo-perfused subvolumes. Case 2 Figure 4 shows a 50-year-old man affected by a GBM in the left temporal region (Patient 10), who received bevacizumab with concurrent temozolamide and fotemustine.