The endpoint was total cardiovascular mortality. Survival curves (Kaplan-Meier) and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model were adjusted to determine the association between EIVA and mortality.

Results: The median duration of follow-up was 9.9 years (range, 132 days to 17 years). EIVA prevalence was 43.1% (95% CI: 34.5-51.7). Thirty-three cardiovascular deaths (25.4%) occurred. The hazard ratio of EIVA for cardiovascular death, after adjustment for age, was 1.84 (P = 0.09). An interaction was found between EIVA and cardiomegaly on x-ray. In the group with cardiomegaly, the hazard of

dying was four times greater in the presence of EIVA (P for interaction = 0.05).

Conclusion: In clinically stable chagasic subjects with cardiomegaly, EIVA is a clinically significant marker of total cardiovascular mortality and may be a useful risk stratification this website tool in this population. (PACE 2011; 34: 1492-1497)”
“Extended x-ray-absorption fine structure has been used to study the bond-length and bond-angle distortions in thin (similar to 220 angstrom) La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 films grown epitaxially on SrTiO3 and LaAlO3 substrates. Growth on these substrates produces films with both in-plane tensile and in-plane compressive

strains, respectively. It is found that the strain imposed on the thin-film lattice CHIR-99021 datasheet is accommodated mostly through changes in the first-shell Co-O bond lengths and third-shell Co-Co distances, while second-shell Co-La and Co-Sr distances behave similarly to distortions found previously in the tetrahedral semiconductors; i.e., they are most strongly affected by bond-angle distortions that account for the relaxation of the film lattice constant perpendicular to the film/substrate interface. These structural changes are directly correlated with the magnetic properties SCH 900776 supplier of the films. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3564934]“
“Effects of elevated root zone (RZ) CO2 and air temperature on photosynthesis, productivity,

nitrate (NO3-), and total reduced nitrogen (N) content in aeroponically grown lettuce plants were studied. Three weeks after transplanting, four different RZ [CO2] concentrations [ambient (360 ppm) and elevated concentrations of 2000, 10 000, and 50 000 ppm] were imposed on plants grown at two air temperature regimes of 28 degrees C/22 degrees C (day/night) and 36 degrees C/30 degrees C. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (g(s)) increased with increasing photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). When grown at 28 degrees C/22 degrees C, all plants accumulated more biomass than at 36 degrees C/30 degrees C. When measured under a PAR >= 600 mu mol m(-2) s(-1), elevated RZ [CO2] resulted in significantly higher A, lower g(s), and higher midday leaf relative water content in all plants. Under elevated RZ [CO2], the increase of biomass was greater in roots than in shoots, causing a lower shoot/root ratio.