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Competing interest No conflicts of interest. The authors have no financial relationship with the organizations that sponsored the research. Authors’ contributions RA carried out the experimental studies. RA, AA, and LG conceived the study, participated in its design and coordination and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Bacteriophage therapy is one of the emerging methods used to overcome bacterial infections [1–3]. Bacteriophages are viruses that infect and kill bacteria. Theoretically, phages have several advantages over antibiotics. They are highly specific and very effectively lyse Pevonedistat in vitro targeted pathogenic bacteria. They are safe because they have no activity against animal or plant cells. Phages are ubiquitous, so isolation

of new phages is a relatively rapid process that can frequently be accomplished in days or weeks. The use learn more of phages as therapeutic agents was initiated in 1919, 3 years after their discovery, for the treatment of bacillary dysentery and continued until the 1940s. Over this time period, phages were used to treat a variety of infectious diseases [4]. However, with the advent of antibiotics, commercial production of therapeutic Cell press phages ceased in most of the Western world [5]. Currently, there is renewed interest in phage research and the applications of bacteriophages as potentially powerful antibacterial agents due to the emergence of drug-resistant pathogens and the dearth of new antibiotics. Several studies have shown that bacteriophages can

be used successfully for therapeutic purposes, both in humans and animals [6–9]. However, more research is required before clinical use can be re-initiated. Before using a phage for therapeutic purposes, the isolation of lytic phages and characterization of the phage are essential. In this study, clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii were collected and used as indicator hosts to screen phages from water samples. A. baumannii mostly Gamma-secretase inhibitor infects debilitated patients in intensive care units and is associated with high mortality rates [10, 11]. Since its discovery, A. baumannii has become resistant to many common antibiotics [12]. The increasing prevalence of multidrug- and pandrug-resistant A. baumannii strains in clinics has rendered it one of the most important nosocomial pathogens [12–15]. Fortunately, lytic phages specific to A. baumannii might provide an alternative to antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of infections caused by this bacterium. However, to the best of our knowledge, very few detailed characterizations of A. baumannii phages have been published [16, 17].