Neuropsychopharmacology (2012) 37, 1784-1792; doi:10.1038/npp.2012.25; published online 14 March 2012″
“Rationale Antagonism at serotonin 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(2C) receptors modulates cortical and striatal dopamine (DA) release and may underlie some aspects of the clinical efficacy
of ‘atypical’ antipsychotic compounds. However, it is not known whether 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor-mediated modulation of DA release can be quantified with non-invasive neurochemical imaging, as would be required for investigation of these processes in man.
Objective The objective of the study was to perform a feasibility study in the rat in order to determine whether 5HT(2A/2C) modulation of DA release can be observed using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.
Materials and methods Rats were Fludarabine ic50 administered with either vehicle, a combined 5-HT(2A/2C) antagonist ( ketanserin, 3 mg/kg i.p.), or the more selective 5-HT(2C) antagonist SB 206,553 (10 mg/kg i.p.) 30 min before administration of the PET DA D2 receptor radiotracer [(11)C] raclopride (similar to 11 MBq) and were then scanned for 60 min using a quad-high-density avalanche
chamber small animal tomograph. Using the same technique, modulation of amphetamine (4 mg/kg)-induced decreases in [(11)C] raclopride binding by 5-HT(2A) antagonism (SR 46349B, 0.2 mg/kg i.v.) was also determined.
Results Consistent with the increase in DA release measured GW786034 by others using microdialysis, 5-HT(2C) antagonism markedly reduced striatal [(11)C] raclopride selleck kinase inhibitor binding ( p<0.003), while amphetamine-induced reductions in striatal [ 11C] raclopride binding (p<0.001) were attenuated by 5HT(2A) antagonist administration (p = 0.04).
Conclusions These results inform the feasibility of monitoring 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor-mediated modulation of DA systems in man using PET and, more generally, demonstrate
that D2 radiotracer PET imaging may be used to monitor the efficacy of new DA modulators in attenuating stimulated DA release.”
“NMR-based metabolomics is an important tool for studying biological systems and has been applied in various organisms, including animals, plants and microbes. NMR is able to provide a ‘holistic view’ of the metabolites under certain conditions, and thus is advantageous for metabolomic studies. To maximize the use of the information obtained, it is also important to create a platform to measure, store and share data. Public databases for storing and sharing information are still lacking for NMR-based metabolomic analysis in plants. Such databases are urgently needed to make metabolic profiling a real omics technology. In addition, to understand metabolic processes in depth, single-cell analysis and the turnover of metabolites in pathways (fluxomics) should be measured.