Molecular identification using specific primer showed the presence of 17 E. faecalis giving a 941 DNA base pair product upon amplification (Figure 1) and 4 E. faecium giving a 658 DNA base pair product (Figure 2). Figure 1 Agarose gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain Entinostat nmr reaction (PCR) amplification of Enterococcus faecalis gene. Lane 1 and 6: 25 bp DNA molecular size marker;

Lane 2, negative control; lanes 3 to 6, PCR amplicons obtained with DNA amplification of Enterococcus faecalis: lane 3, B54; lane 4, B9; lane 5, B310; lane 6, B403. Figure 2 Agarose gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of Enterococcus faecium gene. Lane 1 and 6: 50 bp DNA molecular size marker; Lane 2, negative control; lanes 3 to 6, PCR amplicons obtained with DNA amplification of Enterococcus faecium: lane 3, B333; lane 4, B346; PFT�� research buy lane 5, B577; lane 6, B215. Consequently, the prevalence of E. faecalis and E. faecium were 27.5%

(17/62) and 6.5% (4/62) respectively (Table 1). Table 1 Antimicrobial susceptibility of the oral Enterococci Antibiotics No. (%)a of resistant strains   E. faecalis (n = 17) E. faecium (n = 4) Total (n = 21) PENICILLINS P 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   Amx 6 (35) 0(0) 6 (29)   AM 6 (35) 1 (25) 7 (33)   AMC 4 (25) 1 (25) 5 (24)   TIC 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) CEPHALOSPORINS CF 0(0) 0 (0) 0 (0)   CFS 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   CAZ 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) AMINOGLYCOSIDS AN 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   GM 4 (25) 1 (25) 5 (24)   K 5 (29) 0 (0) 5 (24)   TM 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   S 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) MACROLIDS E 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) LINCOSAMIDS L 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) POLYPEPTIDS B 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   CS 16 (94) 4 (100) 20 (95) SULFAMIDS-TRIMETHOPRIME SXT 12 (71) 3 (75) 15 (71) GLYCOPEPTIDS VA 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0) QUINOLONES NA 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) check details FLUOROQUINOLONES Celecoxib CIP 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100)   OFX 17 (100) 4 (100) 21 (100) DIVERS NI 17 (100) 4 (100)

21 (100) P:PenicillinG, Amx: Amoxicillin, AM: Ampicillin, AMC: Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid, TIC: Ticarcillin, CF: Cefalotin, CFS:Cefsulodin, CAZ: Ceftazidime, AN: Amikacin, GM: Gentamicin, K: Kanamycin, TM: Tobramycin, S: streptomycin, E: erythromycin, L: Lincomycin, B: Bacitracin, CS: Colistin, SXT: Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole, VA: Vancomycin, NA: Nalidixic acid, CIP: Ciprofloxacin, OFX: Ofloxacin, NI: Nitroxolin. In the carious group population, the prevalence of E. faecalis and E. faecium were 46.9% (15/32) and 9.5% (3/32). However, in the caries-free one, the prevalence of E. faecalis and E. faecium were 7% (2/28) and 3.5% (1/28) respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolated oral Enterococci showed the presence of multiresistant strains (Table 1).