“In this study, the forward and reverse bias current-volta


“In this study, the forward and reverse bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of Au/Zinc acetate doped polyvinyl alcohol/n-Si Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) have been investigated over the temperature range of 80-400 K. The values of zero-bias barrier height evaluated from

forward and reverse bias I-V data, (Phi(BFo)) and (Phi(BRo)), increase with increasing temperature, and a discrepancy is observed between the values of Phi(BFo) and Phi(BRo). Because the apparent barrier height (BH) seen from metal to semiconductor is higher than the one seen from semiconductor to metal, the obtained value of Phi(BFo) is always greater than Phi(BRo) value. The difference between them is almost

the same as the Fermi energy level. The crossing of the experimental forward bias semilogarithmic IPI145 ln I-V plots appears as an abnormality when compared to the conventional behavior of ideal SBDs. This behavior was attributed to the lack of free charge at a low temperature and could be expected in the temperature region where there is no carrier freezing out, which is non-negligible at low temperatures. Prior to intersection, the voltage dependent value of resistance (R(i)) obtained from Ohm’s law decreases with increasing temperature, but it APR-246 concentration begins to increase after this intersection point. Such an increase in Phi(Bo) and series resistance (R(s)) with temperature corresponding to high voltage region is in obvious disagreement with the reported negative temperature coefficients. However, the value of shunt resistance (R(sh)) corresponding to a low or negative voltage region decreases with increasing temperature. In addition, the temperature dependent energy density distribution profiles of interface states (N(ss)) were obtained from forward bias I-V measurements by taking into account the bias dependence of the effective barrier

height (Phi(e)) and R(s) of the device, and the values of Nss without considering Rs Compound C are almost one order of magnitude larger than N(ss) when considering Rs value. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3552599]“
“Extraction of passive fixation coronary sinus (CS) leads is typically easily achieved with manual traction. The ability to readily extract active fixation leads from the CS is less clear. Our first extraction experience with an active fixation CS lead was in a 58-year-old man with a 13-month-old Medtronic 4195 lead (Medtronic Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA). The lobes of the lead would not fully undeploy. Significant, prolonged manual traction was required to free the lead from the cardiac vein. Inspection demonstrated fibrotic tissue growth into the lead lobes. Such growth may lead to an increase in extraction complications and failures.

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