In order for the intercept to have a more meaningful interpretati

In order for the intercept to have a more meaningful interpretation, this variable was centred (‘BMI – 25.77′). http://www.selleckchem.com/products/Abiraterone.html A limitation of the variable ‘body mass index’ is that it is based on reported height and weight and therefore less reliable compared to measured data [36,37]. The use of self-reported data results in an underestimation of BMI [37]. A second limitation of our data is the use of BMI as the sole criterion of excess weight. According to a number of studies [1,5,38], abdominal obesity is, apart from overall excess weight, an independent Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries risk factor in type 2 diabetes. The accumulation of intra-abdominal or visceral fat is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes [5]. Physical activity We measured the concept of ‘physical activity’ by the variable ‘population at risk due to a lack of leisure time physical activity’ as defined in the manual of the Health Interview Surveys [35].

We relabelled this variable as ‘lack of (leisure time) physical activity’. This is a dummy variable with the categories: weekly physically active (0) and sedentary [1]. The category ‘weekly physically active’ was taken as the reference modality. A restriction of this indicator is that it does not take physical exercise during Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries professional ac-tivity into account. As a consequence, it is strongly socio-economically related. Persons with a lower education more often have sedentary leisure activities. A second limitation of the variable ‘lack of (leisure time) physical activity’ is that it is culturally related. In the Turkish and Moroccan culture, there is no tradition of leisure time physical activity, especially not for women [28].

Results Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries We start by comparing the prevalence of diabetes in the Turkish and Moroccan communities in Belgium with the prevalence in native Belgians. Subsequently, we examine a number of explanations for the higher diabetes prevalence in Belgians of Turkish and Moroccan origin. The focus will be on lifestyle factors – excess weight/obesity and lack of physical activity – and socio-economic determinants – educational attainment Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and income. Diabetes prevalence As expected, Figure Figure11 shows that the prevalence of diabetes in our sample increases with age [1,5]. At age 25, the risk of diabetes in native Belgians is 0.006. In 25-year-old Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Belgians of Turkish origin, the risk of diabetes is 0.023. In Belgians of Moroccan origin of the same age, the risk of diabetes amounts to 0.

017. At age 70, the mean diabetes probability has increased to 0.122, 0.362 and 0.297 in native Belgians, Belgians of Turkish origin and Belgians of Moroccan origin respectively. The diabetes prevalence is higher at all ages Brefeldin_A in Belgians of Turkish and Moroccan origin than in native Belgians [14,15,19-21]. Finally, Figure Figure11 reveals that type 2 diabetes has an earlier onset in the Turkish and Moroccan communities in Belgium. Kriegsman et al.

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